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| Term |
Description |
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| A |
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| Active Area/Effective Area |
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In the viewing area of
the LCD glass, the dimensions of the perimeter of the
conductive area. |
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| Active Matrix Display |
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A type of display which uses Thin-Film
Transistors (TFT) to control each pixel individually.
Active Matrix Displays offer higher contrast ratios,
wider viewing angles, and faster response times than
Passive Matrix Displays. |
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| Aperture Ratio |
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The actual light-transmitting area against
the theoretical sub-pixel size calculated with active
area and resolution. |
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| Aspect Ratio |
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The relationship of width and height. When
an image is displayed on different screens, the aspect
ratio must be kept the same to avoid 'stretching' in
either the vertical or horizontal direction. For most
current monitors, this ratio is 4:3. For HDTV, the ratio
will be 16:9 or 16:10. |
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| B |
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| Backlight |
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Some LCD displays are illuminated by the
use of separate light sources or backlights that are
built into the unit behind the LCD panel. |
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| Bezel |
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A frame of plastic or metal, fitting over
the LCD glass, to protect the edges of the glass, ESD(Electro
Static Discharge), and to reinforce LCD structure. |
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| Brightness |
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The attribute of visual perception in accordance
with which an area appears to emit more of less light.
(Luminance is the recommended name for the photo-electric
quantity which has also been called brightness.) |
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| C |
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| CCFL |
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COLD CATHODE BACKLIGHT. a type of fluorescent
backlighting or edge lighting. |
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| CELL GAP |
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The space containing liquid crystal fluid
between the two pieces of glass. |
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| COG |
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CHIP-ON-GLASS. A new technology that mounts
the LCD driver to the contact edge of the LCD glass. |
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| Contrast Ratio |
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The difference in luminance between all-white
divided by the brightness of an all black. |
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| Color Temperature |
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Measured in degrees Kelvin, reference to
color temperature provides a standard for defining standard
colors emitted from computer displays. 6500K is close
to the European TV standard, and close to the white
color under the sun at noon. |
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| Cross Talk |
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A phenomenon occurring when voltage from
an energized element leaks to an adjacent OFF element
and turns the adjacent element partially ON, making
them slightly visible. |
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| D |
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| Digital Visual Interface (DVI) |
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A digital flat panel interface introduced
by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). Although
other interfaces have been introduced, DVI is expected
to become the industry standard. |
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| Display Data Channel (DDC) |
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A communication channel for the transmission
of information between the display monitor and the PC
that allows for automatic configuration of the hardware.
In other words, "Plug and Play" compatibility. |
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| Dot Clock/Dot Frequency |
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The frequency with which dots (or pixels)
are illuminated on the screen; how quickly a single
dot can be produced on the screen.
A general formula for calculating the dot frequency
is: H x V x refresh-rate x 1.25( to1.3) |
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| Dot Pitch |
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The distance between one pixel to adjacent
pixel (not sub pixel). Dot pitch gives a general idea
of the monitor's ability to produce sharp images. |
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| E |
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| F |
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| G |
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| GHOSTING |
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Refer "Cross
Talk" |
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| H |
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| I |
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| Inverter |
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Converts DC to AC at a high frequency &
voltage, and powers fluorescent lamps. |
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| IPS |
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In-Plane Switching. Single domain IPS has
slight color shifts under certain viewing angle, but
Dual domain IPS has less color shifts. |
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| J |
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| K |
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| L |
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| Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) |
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A glass panel display that electronically
controls the light passing it using liquid crystal. |
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| LVDS |
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Low Voltage Differential Signalling. |
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| M |
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| Module |
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An LCD which includes a PCB, driver electronics,
bezel, and possibly a backlight. |
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| N |
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| O |
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| P |
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| Polarize |
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A stretched polymer which transmits light
in only one axis. A typical display has polarizes on
the front and back. |
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| Q |
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| R |
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| Refresh Rate |
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The frequency with which the entire image
on the screen is redrawn. The refresh rate is measured
in hertz, therefore, a refresh rate of 60 Hz, means
the image is redrawn 60 times per second. |
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| Response time |
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Time interval between 10%(on) to 90%(on)
or 90%(off) to 10%(off) of brightness. |
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| RGB |
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The initials of the colors Red, Green and
Blue. Any color can be composed with the combination
of the three colors. |
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| S |
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| sRGB |
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sRGB is a color space defined by Microsoft
and Hewlett-Packard with the aim of color matching between
applications and hardware devices such as monitors,
scanners, printers, and digital cameras. |
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| T |
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| TAB |
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Tape Automated Bonding. LCD driver or controller
electronics are encapsulated in a thin, film like package,
with metal leads extension from the IC chips. |
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| TFT |
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Thin Film Transistor: a type of LCD flat-panel
display screen, in which each pixel is controlled by
from one to four transistors. TFT technology provides
the best resolution of all the current flat-panel techniques.
TFT screens are sometimes called active-matrix LCDs. |
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| Twisted Nematic (TN) |
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A type of liquid crystal where the alignment
surface, and therefore the liquid crystal molecules,
is oriented 90 degrees from each surface of glass. |
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| U |
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| V |
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| Viewing Angle |
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A cone perpendicular to the LCD in which
minimum contrast can be seen. |
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| W |
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| X |
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| Y |
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| Z |
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